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Permanent System radar stations
The Permanent System ("P system") was a 1950s radar network ("P radar net") used for the CONUS "manual air defense system"〔 and which had a USAF aircraft control and warning (AC&W) organization of personnel and military installations with radars to allow Air Defense Command ground-controlled interception of Cold War bombers attacking the United States.
==Planning==
As with the World War II CONUS radar network of "Army Radar Stations", Aircraft Warning Corps information centers, Ground Observer Corps filter centers, and Fighter Control Centers ("inactivated...in April 1944"), a post-war system was planned to assess bomber attacks and for dispatching interceptors. The Distant Early Warning Line was "first conceived—and rejected—in 1946", General Stratemeyer forwarded an air defense plan to General Spaatz in November 1946, and in the spring and summer of 1947, 3 Air Defense Command (ADC) Aircraft Control and Warning (AC&W) plans had gone unfunded: e.g., the April 8, 1947, "air defense plan (long term)". With only 5 "Air Warning Station" radars operating in 1948,〔(Montauk AFS History ). Radomes.org. Retrieved on 2013-09-18.〕 the "Radar Fence Plan (code named Project SUPREMACY)" was planned for completion by 1953 with 411 radar stations and 18 control centers. The Radar Fence was rejected by ADC since "no provision was made in it for the Alaska to Greenland net with flanks guarded by aircraft and picket ships () for 3 to 6 hours of warning time". ADC's Interim Program and its First Augmentation were planned "until the Supremacy plan network could be approved and constructed", and an $85,500,000 March 1949 Congressional bill funded both the Interim Program "for 61 basic radars and 10 control centers to be deployed in 26 months, with an additional ten radars and one control station for Alaska" and the augmentation's additional 15 radars ("essentially Phase II of Supremacy"). The resulting Lashup Radar Network was completed in April 1950 and was operational in June 1950.
On February 13, 1950, HQ USAF had "advanced the completion date from July 1, 1951, to December 31, 1950, for the most essential radar stations.〔 (cited by Schaffel p. 120)〕 The USAF reallocated $50 million for the "permanent Modified Plan" (modified from Supremacy) to "start construction on the high Priority Permanent System of radars in February 1950 with the first 24 radar sites to be constructed by the end of 1950". Early June 1950 exercises "in the 58th Air Division (Lashup sites ) indicated insufficient low-altitude coverage," and the Secretary of the Air Force requested a 2nd stage of 28 stations on July 11, 1950 (Secretary of Defense approval was on July 21.) By November 1950, Ground Observation Corps filter centers (7 in the west, 19 in the east) were being installed. By November 10 a separate Air Defense Command headquarters was approved, the Federal Civil Defense Administration was created in December 1950, and command centers communicated radar track information to the national ADC center that had moved from Mitchell Field to Ent Air Force Base on 8 January 1951.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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